The Prevention And Public Health - 852 Words

It was not easy gathering information for this assignment. All the attempts and efforts to contact my state nursing lobbyists, both the state and the federal representatives of Georgia were abortive. This assignment was competed through internet search of representative members’ website. What is the position of Georgia state legislators on health care issues and nursing specifically? I live in Georgia, I am in the 7th congressional district. Our representative is Rob Woodall. He has been representing the 7th congressional district since 2011. Some of the health policy issues he voted on includes the banning of federal health coverage that includes abortion. Robert Woodall is a strong pro-life supporter his argument was that abortion is harmful to women and it takes the lives of innocent children. He voted for Medicare spending cuts, and in October 2011, he voted for legislation to control how private insurance companies that are in public insurance exchange may offer abortion coverage. Also he voted to repeal the patient protection and affordable Act in January 2011. On repealing the â€Å"prevention and public health â€Å"fund his argument was that the HHH secretary spends this fund without congressional approval. He believed that eliminating this fund will not affect any specific program rather it will repossess the control of how the federal tax money is s pent. (Rob Woodall, 2015) What are the position of Georgia federal legislators on health care issues and nursing,Show MoreRelatedThe Benefits Of The Prevention And Public Health Fund1710 Words   |  7 PagesPublic Health The Prevention and Public Health Fund was formed to improve health care quality and improve the investment in public health by the Affordable Care Act. Funding is distributed to many great Agencies to support research and programs to improve health care in our communities. A few agencies receiving funding that caught my eye were the Alzheimer’s disease Prevention Education and Outreach, Fall Prevention, and Hospitals Promoting Breastfeeding. Taking a deeper look at these programsRead MoreThe Role Of Public Health And Disease Prevention1700 Words   |  7 Pages†¢ Describe the roles of public health and disease prevention in helping specific vulnerable populations within the selected country, and compare those to the USA’s. Be sure to include the terms listed in Student Learning Outcome #3 (above) as you write this section. (25 pts IV. Healthcare Costs A. Healthcare costs in Germany 1. Where does the money for healthcare go? (money out) a. Hospitals b. Healthcare workers Read MoreSuicide Prevention : A Major Public Health Priority923 Words   |  4 PagesFoundation for Suicide Prevention, 2017). In the past few years, there has been a rise in suicide prevention programs. Programs are being implemented into schools and universities and offered at community centers as well. Suicide prevention is a major public health priority, as recognized by the Prioritized Research Agenda for Suicide Prevention, the Revised National Strategy for Suicide Prevention, the formation in 2010 of the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention (Godoy Garraza L WalrathRead MoreToronto Public Health And Tb Program Prevention Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pages Toronto Public Health and TB Program Prevention, Management and Treatment Thi Thanh Tuyen (Rosa) Pham NUR 102 Luella Orr October 26, 2016 Toronto Public Health and TB Program Prevention, Management and Treatment Tuberculosis (TB), which infects one-third of the world population, is a disease with one of the highest mortality rates in the world (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016a). 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Despite considerable public health advances in previous years, failing to stop and reverse the menace has been very costly. The number of fatalities and health care expenses only continue to escalate day by day. Out of the ten essential public health services, I recommend three. First, inform, educate and empowerRead MoreCenter for Disease Control Essay example1421 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many public sector and not for profit health agencies within the United States health care system. There are health care agencies that are run by the government, Quasi-government and voluntary. The agencies that are Quasi-government are supported by the government but managed privately and there are voluntary health agencies that can be run by private or non-profit agencies, and there are also government run agencie s. Government agencies are run by the government and funded through taxesRead MoreWebsite Review and Summary Paper846 Words   |  4 Pagespeople have relied on their health care providers for medical treatments. Now a day, people have the opportunity to research about any illness, medical concern, medical diagnosis and any type of disease in the Internet. There are many health care organizations that offer people around the world with information about drugs, illnesses, diseases, outbreaks, treatments, preventions and the list goes endless. In this paper the writer will review and summarize governmental health agency websites. TheRead MorePublic Health and Health Care. Hcs 535 Final Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pages Public Health and Health Care Bobbie Jean Taylor, II Concepts of Population Health/HCS 535 March 5, 2012 Beth Hale, PhD. Public Health and Health Care â€Å"For over 60 years, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been dedicated to protecting health and promoting quality of life through the prevention and control of disease, injury, and disability,† (CDC, 2012, p. 1). The organization has a focus of decreasing the health and economic disadvantages of the principal reasons of demiseRead MoreHistory of Public Health Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesThe History of Public Health and the Role of the Community/Public Health Nurse Walden University NURS 4010 Section 04, Family, Community, and Population-Based Care 10 / 21 / 2012 The History of Public Health and the Role of the Community/Public Health Nurse Overview Public health, a population-centered nursing had been in existence since the late 1880s under the guise of different names. The focus of public health nursing was on sanitation, communicable disease

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Design & Construction of Zero Energy House-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the design and Construction of Zero Energy House- Brighton Waste House Project. Answer: Introduction All the houses achieve a higher energy efficient buildings and it is known as Zero Energy Building (ZEB) standards. The sustainable construction project uses 90 percent of the materials from both household as well as construction waste that makes the waste house. The waste includes of 20,000 toothbrushes, floppy discs, carpet tiles, 4000 DVD cases used to clad faade of the home. The waste house project started at May 2013 and completed on April 2014. The opening date of the project is June, 2014. The aim of this project is to reclaim and recycle of the materials (Newatlas.com 2015). The project also aims to demonstrate of 45 percent contribution to emission of carbon dioxide within UK that attribute towards architectural structures. The report is based on design and construction of a waste house into Brightons University that provides with zero net energy consumption. It uses concept of 100 percent use of the waste resources and consumption of zero energy. It discusses the conceptual and preliminary design of the building to familiar the users with its benefits. Needs Definition- Design and construction of Brighton Waste House Zero energy buildings are regular grid tied houses that are air tight, energy efficient as well as well-protected. It provides a net zero energy and carbon free house. Zero energy houses consist of advanced design and building system with energy efficient and on-site solar panels in order to provide better house (Hassoun and Dincer 2014). The houses are comfortable; sustainable as well as healthy those are affordable to live. Those are quality houses and more durable. There are various definitions of the terms used into the design and construction of the waste house as follows: Zero net site energy use: Mohamed, Hasan and Siren (2014) stated that it is the amount of energy that is provided by on site renewable energy sources. It is equal to amount of energy which is used by the building. Zero net source energy use: It creates same sum of energy as it is being used. It also includes of energy used in order to transport energy towards the building. It is lost through transmission of electricity (Fujimoto, Yamaguchi and Shimoda 2017). Zero net energy (ZNE) generates electricity that zero net site of energy building. Net zero energy emissions: In UK, ZEB is definite as zero net energy emissions; it is also recognized as zero emission building (Peng et al. 2015). The carbon is produced from both on-site as well as off-site fossil fuel which is unbiased by sum of production of the on-site renewable energy. Net zero cost: In zero energy building, the price of energy purchased is being reasonable by the profits from sales electricity to the produced electricity grid on-site (Poppendieck et al. 2016). Net off-site zero energy use: Hamdy, Hasan and Siren (2013) demonstrated that building is ZEB when it has 100 percent of energy it purchased from the renewable energy sources, even when the energy is produced off-site. Off-the-grid: The buildings need stand alone ZEB which is not associated with off-site energy. It requires generation of renewable energy (Berthold et al. 2014). Net zero energy building: Net ZEB is energy proficient building and grid associated that enable to create of power from the renewable basis to compensate energy demand (Stefanovic, Bojic and Gordic 2014). Conceptual Design of Brighton Waste House Project Detailed design requirements Design decisions is affected the energy use of zero energy building. Assortment of location, control filtration procedures and area of light openings reduce negative impact of heat effect on the climate of the building (Hassoun and Dincer 2015). The basic necessities of structural divisions of the waste house are: The timber framed structure is made up of timber off cuts with of salvaged ply and it is insulated and donatedKoolthermK15 boards to the internal wall cassettes, tapes and disc cases and 198000 disposable airlines toothbrushes (Cellura et al. 2015). Higher stage of thermal insulation of the building envelopes (It consists of coefficient of temperature transfer U walls: It is not further than 0.09 W/(m2 K), coating is no more than 0.07 W/(m2 K) and floor with 0.09 W/(m2 K) (Koo et al. 2014). Install of transparent cladding structures with a lower e-coated glass (It has co-efficient of transferring heat U 1 W/ m2 K) (Dumont, Quoilin and Lemort 2015). Higher air tight of the building envelopes The building consists of insulation system, butt joints and enclosed structure. Evolution of detailed design UK receives a daily average of approximately 4.2 hours of peak sun; therefore solar energy is one of the significant ways to gain energy balance. A silicon photovoltaic system is being modeled faced north at twisted angle of 26 degree so as to recompense houses yearly energy demand. The design of waste houses is conducted based on three designing terms: building envelope, building services and user interaction (Lu, Wang and Shan 2015). Zero Energy Building uses of sustainable energy sources and fossil fuels. It is possible that the concept requires integrating, combining upgradation of building envelope and using of efficient building system (Lindberg 2017). The construction phase of the waste house consisted of combination of waste as well as surplus materials with use of hi-tech solutions like DuPont Tyvek UV Faade breather membrane that are installed behind unusual rain screen cladding and it is made up of second hand carpet tiles. Integrating of system elements and activities Following are the system elements that can consume of energy into waste house: Heating and cooling system: The geothermal heat pump can heat and cool and when it is equipped with de-superheater, then it can supply hot water to the house. The system requires utilizing constant temperature of earth as exchange of heat medium as an alternative of external air temperature (Hassoun and Dincer 2016). It allows the system to attain extraordinarily higher efficiencies of approximately 300-600%. Water heating system: Maximum energy is saved with use of solar thermal panels. Hot water tank requires placing to both bathrooms as well as kitchen in order to reduce hot water runs or thermally insulate (Williams 2014). Therefore, a water recirculation system is considered. Lightning system: This system uses of 75-90 percent of less energy as compared to standard incandescent as well as halogen bulbs. Ventilation system: The system is energy efficient and it requires mechanical ventilation in order to continue of indoor air quality. Most efficient ventilation system is Energy Recovery Ventilation (ERV) (Kalambura et al. 2015). It is an energy recovery system and it balances humidity to exchange of indoor as well as outdoor air. In order to design a zero energy house, three basic activities are considered: Reduction of houses energy requirements: Insulation will help to reduce the heat loss in the winter and gain of heat in summer. It provides building envelope such as walls, roof and slab. An air barrier will reduce loss of heat and gain due to leakage of air in as well as out of the house. Production of energy required: It includes of renewable energy system to present with amount of required energy to function the house (Gray 2016). The energy required is reduced with an energy efficient technology such as photovoltaic system to offer of electricity. Efficient operating the house: It includes of setting of temperature of space heating, hot water and number of appliances, energy use and appliances which are plugged. Design tools and aids Following are the tools used during the design process of zero energy houses: Design performance modeling (DPM): This tool is developed to forecast the performance of building based on energy efficiency, penetration of daylight, thermal comfort and natural ventilation. Building energy modeling (BEM): It consists of data and makes assumptions about operation as well as maintenance of the building (Newatlas.com 2015). Building operation modeling (BOM): The main feature of this tool is monitoring of the building. It permits for calibration of BEM. Project resource modeling (PRM): It evaluates the supply problems that will influence the expansion of the development (Lu, Wang and Shan 2015). It shows a relationship between conservation, consumption and efficiency. Design data, information and integration Type of construction Materials External walls It is of 100 mm brick with 50 mm of insulation board (R1.5). It consists of wall air space as well as there is 9.5 mm of plaster board. Internal walls They are double layered with 9.5 mm plaster board as well as a wall air space. Windows Windows are of 3 mm green glass (single glaze), It is air 13 mm and clear glass of 3mm. Ceiling The concrete of 100mm. It has ceiling air space. It consists of 154 mm batts insulation (R3.5) with plasterboard of 13mm. External door (front) Wood of 50mm. Internal doors Wood of 25mm. Floor (carpet) Lightweight concrete consists of 100 mm. Floor (tiles) The floor has acoustic tile with lightweight concrete of 100 mm (R1.0) Table 1: Design data on construction specifications of Zero energy house (Source: Lu, Wang and Shan 2015, pp-465) Figure 1: Design of Waste House (Source: Cellura et al. 2015, pp-27) Development of engineering models Computer modeling tool is used to estimate the consumption of energy as well as production. Zero Energy Residence Optimization (ZERO) software is used to design the buildings by minimizing the energy consumption. The house specification consists of insulation level, domestic appliances, window requirements, electrical layout, heating system, hot water system and lightning system (Hassoun and Dincer 2015). The initial design of the zero energy houses use an energy rating system that uses of computer simulation in order to assess heating as well as cooling efficiency of energy of residential building design. The building materials are modeled in order to estimation of the energy performance and price of various designing options. The final design of the house reflects on optimal balance among energy performance and cost (Lindberg 2017). ZEH is used of energy saving technology as well as solar power in order to lessen the net energy consumption to zero. Sophisticated 3-D building energy simulation tool is used to model how the building is performed with designing variables like building orientation, insulation type, lightning, heating efficiency, window and door type and local climate (Lu, Wang and Shan 2015). Simulation helps the designer to forecast how building will perform and enable to model the financial suggestions on the cost benefit analysis. System prototype development Ventilation system Benefits Considerations SKIN Recovery of heat, collective air via faade Collective installation and easier maintenance Limited flexibility Unsatisfactory as users will avoid the system Ducts are running throughout faade External insulation Integrated air inlet and outlet into the frame of window Recovery of heat in the building Ventilation system is safer Limited flexibility Ducts are running throughout faade External insulation Integrated air inlet and outlet at the staircase Recovery of heat decentralized per room Flexible and innovative Critical to develop the system and upscale to 20 units Room are not adjacent to faade External insulation Replacement of window Integrated of ventilation unit into the frame of window or wall Table 2: Preliminary concepts to be tested in system prototype (Source: Hassoun and Dincer 2016, pp-41) Design, review, evaluation and feedback Tracking and controlling Technical Performance Measure (TPM) Technical performance measure Quantitative requirement Current benchmark Relative importance Process time (in days) 30 days 40 days 15 Energy performance 0 kWh/dwel/yr Not fixed 26 Thermal comfort 20-25/23-26 oC 16-25 oC 18 Indoor quality of air/airflows 0.7 l/s/ m2 0.05-0.1 l/s/ m2 18 Lightning 100-200 lux 150 lux 7 Level of noise 25-40 dB(A) 20-35 dB(A) 5 Facade construction 5 m2K/W 5 m2K/W 11 Table 3: Technical Performance Measures (Source: Stefanovi?, Boji? and Gordi? 2014, pp-61) Tracking of other design considerations Parameters Value Lightning (LED) 0.4 W/sf Temperature of natural ventilation system 66-78 oC (when the outside humidity is 0-60 percent) Energy recovery unit Sensible Efficiency = 75% Building envelope 1. The walls of Super Insulated are of R-45 Walls with R-70 Roof 2. Air barrier by means of the building envelope charging of greatest penetration of 0.15 air changes per hour 3. Insulation: Minimum glazing thickness of 1 inch Table 4: Design considerations of ZEB (Source: Kalambura et al. 2015, pp-1668) Conducting design reviews The entire design of the ZEB system is reviewed to identify the funding requirements of the system project. The review is conducted after design plan of the system. The basic objective of this review is to design and construct zero energy house in UK that can provide 100 percent energy efficiency (Williams 2014). The software required for the review is building operation modeling, which will monitor the performance and energy efficiency of the building. Incorporating design changes There are requirement of changes into performance of the system. The cost of the system is maintained so that in future there is less possibility to raise the cost. There are also changes in energy code. Conclusion It is concluded that with an advancement of the renewable technology, zero energy houses are the future. It increases the comfort of the human beings due to its uniform internal temperature. It reduces requirements of energy and total ownership price due to its improved energy efficient. Waste House are consistent framework tied houses that are sealed shut, vitality productive and additionally very much ensured. It gives a net zero vitality and carbon free house. Waste houses comprise of cutting edge plan and building framework with vitality productive and on location sunlight based boards keeping in mind the end goal to give better house. The houses are agreeable; reasonable and also sound those are moderate to live. Those are quality houses and more strong. The underlying plan of the waste house utilize a vitality rating framework that employments of PC reenactment with a specific end goal to survey warming and cooling proficiency of vitality of private building outline. The buildi ng materials are demonstrated keeping in mind the end goal to appraise the vitality execution and cost of different planning choices. The last outline of the house considers ideal adjust among energy execution and cost. The ZEB is taken a toll proficient and it is conceivable that the plan idea requires coordinating, joining upgradation of building envelope and additionally utilizing of effective building framework References Berthold, F., Blunier, B., Bouquain, D., Williamson, S., Chen, Y., Athienitis, A. and Miraoui, A., 2014. Optimization of a battery charging schedule in a net zero energy house using vehicle-to-home functionality. InProc. eSim14, IBPSA. Cellura, M., Guarino, F., Longo, S. and Mistretta, M., 2015. Different energy balances for the redesign of nearly net zero energy buildings: An Italian case study.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,45, pp.100-112. Dumont, O., Quoilin, S. and Lemort, V., 2015. Experimental investigation of a reversible heat pump/organic Rankine cycle unit designed to be coupled with a passive house to get a Net Zero Energy Building.international journal of refrigeration,54, pp.190-203. Fujimoto, T., Yamaguchi, Y. and Shimoda, Y., 2017. Energy management for voltage control in a net-zero energy house community considering appliance operation constraints and variety of households.Energy and Buildings,147, pp.188-199. Gray, T.S. ed., 2016.UK Environmental Policy in the 1990s. Springer. Hamdy, M., Hasan, A. and Siren, K., 2013. A multi-stage optimization method for cost-optimal and nearly-zero-energy building solutions in line with the EPBD-recast 2010.Energy and Buildings,56, pp.189-203. Hassoun, A. and Dincer, I., 2014. Development of power system designs for a net zero energy house.Energy and Buildings,73, pp.120-129. Hassoun, A. and Dincer, I., 2015. Analysis and performance assessment of a multigenerational system powered by Organic Rankine Cycle for a net zero energy house.Applied Thermal Engineering,76, pp.25-36. Hassoun, A. and Dincer, I., 2016. Analysis and performance assessment of a new multigeneration system for net?zero energy houses.International Journal of Energy Research,40(1), pp.36-50. Isaac, D., O'Leary, J. and Daley, M., 2016.Property Development. Palgrave Macmillan. Kalambura, S., Racz, A., Jovi?i?, N. and Kalambura, D., 2015. Use of slaughter house waste in energy production and fertilization.International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research,3(6), pp.1666-1670. Koo, C., Hong, T., Park, H.S. and Yun, G., 2014. Framework for the analysis of the potential of the rooftop photovoltaic system to achieve the net?zero energy solar buildings.Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications,22(4), pp.462-478. Lindberg, K.B., 2017. Impact of Zero Energy Buildings on the Power System: A study of load profiles, flexibility and system investments. Lu, Y., Wang, S. and Shan, K., 2015. Design optimization and optimal control of grid-connected and standalone nearly/net zero energy buildings.Applied Energy,155, pp.463-477. Mohamed, A., Hasan, A. and Sirn, K., 2014. Fulfillment of net-zero energy building (NZEB) with four metrics in a single family house with different heating alternatives.Applied Energy,114, pp.385-399. Newatlas.com 2015.Green living: Top 10 sustainable houses. [online] Newatlas.com. Available at: https://newatlas.com/gizmag-top-10-sustainable-innovative-green-houses/34712/ [Accessed 19 Aug. 2017]. Peng, C., Huang, L., Liu, J. and Huang, Y., 2015. Energy performance evaluation of a marketable net-zero-energy house: Solark I at Solar Decathlon China 2013.Renewable Energy,81, pp.136-149. Poppendieck, D., Khurshid, S., Dols, W.S., Ng, L., Polidoro, B. and Emmerich, S., 2016. Formaldehyde Concentrations in a Net-Zero Energy House: Real-time Monitoring and Simulation.Proceedings of Indoor Air 2016. Stefanovi?, A., Boji?, M. and Gordi?, D., 2014. Achieving net zero energy cost house from old thermally non-insulated house using photovoltaic panels.Energy and Buildings,76, pp.57-63. Williams, A. 2014.One man's garbage is another man's ... house?. [online] Newatlas.com. Available at: https://newatlas.com/waste-house-bbm/32616/ [Accessed 19 Aug. 2017].

Student Motivation Essay Example For Students

Student Motivation Essay Motivation in SchoolsThe topic I originally planned to look into for my Action Research Paper was the affect of reward systems on a students academic performance. My idea was that a students performance could be influenced by the presence of a reward system. I was interested in seeing if certain subject areas were more likely to use such systems than other subject areas. I strived to see if a students academic performance could mean more than just their exam scores and ability to complete assignments. I wished to see if a reward system could change the way a student was motivated in the classroom; to see if their overall attitude could be changed. I also thought to look into their attendance in classes where motivation was present. I wanted to see if they were less frequently absent and if they participated more. And lastly, I thought it would be interesting to see if students felt they could in turn change their destiny in education, or if they simply believed they are predestined f or something else. We will write a custom essay on Student Motivation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As I was looking further into my topic at hand, I decided to go a different way with my paper. I got away from the reward system and decided to look into student motivation as my topic, focusing on the teacher-student relationship. In high school, I can remember one teacher that changed the way I saw science and it affected me greatly. Before this teacher, although I was always in advanced science classes, I never achieved high grades. I always struggled to keep up with other students, and when I performed poorly on exams, my previous teachers never thought to why I had done so. She approached science in a way I had never seen before, and she offered recognition and praise. She set up the classroom in such a way that I never felt I was being left behind, and she encouraged us always to work up to our potential, and then some. I was motivated to do well and in a way I had never cared for before. I chose to look from the students point of view, instead of talking only to teachers. I th ought it would be more useful to see what the students thought, as I am pursuing my graduate education in Secondary Education. My ultimate goal, to be a teacher, could only benefit from the research I was setting out to collect. I wanted to know what circumstances students felt most comfortable working in. Also, I wanted to see what made them tick inside the classroom. I had the opportunity to use some of the readings I had to complete for my SED 213 class for this paper. In that class, we used two textbooks which I felt fit my topics needs. The chapters on motivation proved useful to my paper, and even gave me ideas to look further into. In the chapter, it discussed a students need for affiliation and approval. By wanting to be a part of a group, a student might be motivated to perform in a certain way, in order to gain entrance to that group and in turn gain their approval. The idea of achievement motivation was also brought up, in which students need to excel only for their own s ake without external rewards. I found that Alfie Kohn, author of Punished by Rewards and many other books on education, feels that achievement motivation is most important to a student truly learning. He feels that authentic experiences in the classroom can only occur when the teacher leaves out all words of praise and punishment. He feels that praise can often be empty in nature, and in turn could actually do more damage to a student than good. Punishments are also damaging, because students could be turned off to learning because they constantly feel threatened by the teacher. He feels that if we want students to take responsibility for their learning, it is up to us to give them responsibilities. They will in turn learn to make good decisions by having the opportunity to decide what happens to them every day, and not by following someone elses directions. Kohn also feels that traditional grades turns students creativity off and causes them to lose interest in what they are learning. He also feels that they lea d students to avoid challenging tasks. He made a point of noting that most students feel the point of going to school is to get As, and not to really learn. It is this need to perform that poses a threat to the education of all students, and traditional grades are the ultimate cause. There is more to memorizing the right answers; because teachers havent completely done their job if the students dont understand why those answers are the right ones. Greg Michies book, Holler if you Hear Me, took the opposite approach to what Kohn proposed. He not only offered his students praise when he felt they deserved it, but he took the time to empathize with them. He knew nothing about their cultures, and in time he came to learn many things about them. In the courses that he taught he always sought to find the best way to relate the material to his students. He often had them read about people from their cultures to serve as motivation that they could be more than the neighborhood expected of t hem. He also motivated his students by keeping his ears open to them, he listened when they talked, which was not always the case with their other teachers. I initially planned to gather my research primarily by interviewing at least 10 high school teachers, varying in their subject areas. I also planned to look further into the differences in advanced versus regular classes when it comes to motivating students to perform. I looked forward to observing first hand the ways in which a teacher uses a reward system during my school visits. After changing my initial proposal, I also decided to revamp the method I was previously going to use to collect my research. Instead of interviewing 10 teachers, I decided to go right to the students, and I surveyed 30 students in two different classes. I was placed in Uniondale High School for my observations for another graduate course, and I thought I would use my time there to my benefit. Uniondale High School is in Nassau County. The school has about 1400 students in grades 9-12. There are 93 teachers in the school, with 27 other professionals and 24 para-professionals also on staff. The students are 77% African American, 19% Hispanic and 4% White and other. The average class size is 23 students. I decided to ask my cooperating teacher if she would allow the students to take my survey. After looking one over, she gave her approval and I set the stage for the surveys. She allowed me to be involved with them, instead of just observing in the rear of the classroom, so that made it easier for me to ask them to help me with my research. I waited until my second day of observing to distribute the surveys. I chose her two AP Social Studies classes because they had a smaller number of students. I felt that they would have more room to spread out during the surveys, so that no one would know what they were writing down. I also put the surveys on smaller pieces of paper so they could easily fold them up after finishing them. Before handing out the surveys I explained to them what I was using them for. I told them why I had decided to go into teaching, and how my research paper would help me to become the best teacher I could be. With that all said they were eager to get started. (I have attached a copy of the survey to the back of this paper). All of the students pooled felt that they would tend to work harder in classes where the teacher offered praise. On most of the surveys they wrote additional comments on the reverse side of the survey. Most felt that in their school there were more teachers that put students down than those who offered praise. When presented with the opportunity to receive encouragement for their hard work, they wanted to continue working hard because they enjoyed that feeling. They expressed the wish that more teachers would use words of encouragement in the classroom instead of only negative comments. They felt that there was more of an emphasis on what they didnt do than what they ha d done. When they forgot their homework assignment, a fuss was made from the teacher, but when they received a good mark on a paper nothing was said. They expressed that they often felt discouraged by this practice, and decided to not spend as much time on future assignments. A few students mentioned that it didnt matter if they received praise or not, they did not care to work hard in classes. They described a sort of unspoken code in the classroom where some students might decide to act up to keep face in front of the other students. In their words, no body wants to be the teachers pet. They had mixed feelings on whether a reward system would be beneficial in their classroom. Some felt that some students would only perform for the reward, and not the actual learning experience. Others felt that a student shouldnt need such a system, and that if they were interested in learning in general, they would learn with or without a reward system. They also were split on the idea of coopera tive learning. Some felt that it was useful in the classroom because it allowed the class to be broken down into smaller groups, and they would feel more comfortable asking questions. Others felt cooperative learning was ineffective because these small groups often didnt do the tasks at hand, and wasted time just socializing. They also felt that it wasnt fair for the whole group to receive the same grade because some students tend to not pitch in as much as others. The most responses came from the question about whether or not students felt teachers treated students differently. Overwhelmingly, most responded that teachers favored students in advanced classes over regular classes. They felt that advanced students had more freedom in class, and that not as many classroom rules were in place. They also felt that they got better grades because the teachers liked them better as well. Students in the regular classes often were subjected to stricter rules, with less opportunities for crea tive learning because they were too often falling behind in lesson plans because of classroom disruptions. As for whether or not teachers treat male and female students different, most felt it wasnt a practice at their school. They felt they were more likely to be judged by whether or not they were good students, not if they were male or female. .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 , .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .postImageUrl , .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 , .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60:hover , .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60:visited , .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60:active { border:0!important; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60:active , .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60 .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub80cd7d8c2fcf9cb5d0fd3b6bb779a60:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nonverbal communication EssayAlthough I felt that the surveys did produce enough feedback to help me with my research paper, I do feel that I could have also benefited from other sources. If given more time, perhaps I would have enjoyed setting up interviews with the students I observed. I was present in their class for three days in a row and I felt at the end that they were quite familiar with my being there. If I had been able to conduct interviews at the end, I feel that my answers could have included more detail on specifics, such as what types of praise they prefer or how a teacher could set up cooperative learning so that all could enjoy and benefit from it. I think that they would have enjoyed having more input in my paper, as they were already honored that I wanted to know what they thought about their classroom settings. I also would have liked to hand out he survey to other classes not on the AP level but could not find the time to do so. Instead of just focusing my time in Uniondale High School, I would have enjoyed pooling other schools from different areas other than Uniondale as well. Because my placement was in Uniondale, it made for easier access to the students. I had also wanted to survey two social studies classes from my old high school, but my relentless phone calls were not returned in sufficient time to allow that. I thought it would have served as a nice comparison, demographically, because my high school was in a neighborhood which consisted of mostly middle class white students and a very small Asian population. Unlike Uniondale, whose student body is primarily made up of African American students, with a small amount of Hi spanic students and even fewer Asian or whites. My Reaction I reviewed the surveys numerous times, and after reading my journal entry for my other graduate class on my observations, it came to me. The process I had gone through to write my paper was meta-cognitive in nature. I had picked my initial topic, only to find out later that a new topic would suit better. I changed it, and set out on a new road collecting information and analyzing it. And even now, when the paper is done the process continues because I realized there were limitations which if not present, my paper would have been even better. I think this is important to relay to students. I think that too often students, like me, have felt they are at a dead end. Instead of trying to run themselves around and go down a different educational road, they chose to relinquish control to fate and continue on the road they are familiar with. Motivation in the classroom can change that. Although I do not agree whole heartedly with Alfie Kohns philosophy on motivation, I do agree that students will work better if they feel they have a say in their education. In my classroom, on the first day of every year, I was thinking that I would put up on the blackboard these two words: student and teacher. I would put under each blank line, and I would ask my students to think of answers for what they expect from a teacher. I in turn, would write down what I expect from them as students. Giving them the option to say what they feel a teacher should be could be a positive growing experience for both them and myself. Each class could want different things, and I feel it is my job to realize their needs and try to address them as best I can. I know it sounds corny, but I truly feel that education in the classroom is a two way street. Teachers and students can only flourish when able to both get to where they are going by removing obstacles that would limit their driving experience. I look forward to my teaching career, and although I know Im bound to have a few fender benders along the way, I hope the journey as a whole is a productive one. Works Cite dDaniels, H. Bizar, M. (1998). Methods that Matter. Portland, ME: Stenhouse Publishers. Ryan, K. Cooper, J. (2004). Kaleidoscope: Readings in Education (10th Ed.). Boston: Houghton-Mifflin. Michie, G. (1999). Holler if you hear me. New York: Teachers College Press. .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 , .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .postImageUrl , .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 , .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5:hover , .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5:visited , .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5:active { border:0!important; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5:active , .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5 .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua5bcedf6df96e9f6b8c888177aeb07d5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 12 Angry Men EssayMcDevitt, T. Ormrod, J. (2002) Child Development (2nd Ed.). Columbus, OH: Pearson Prentice Hall. http://216.239.57.104/u/nydoe?q=cache:OaYbZiCK2GkJ:www.emsc.nysed.gov/repcrd20http://www.alfiekohn.org

Characteristics of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance essays

Characteristics of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance essays The Middle Ages covers roughly a thousand years, from approximately 400 to 1500 and the term generally refers to the changes that the European society experienced during these years. Many agree that there was not just one medieval civilization, but many. These civilizations are related to each other in some ways, but they also have their own distinct characteristics that set them apart from each other. Historians generally agree that the Renaissance lasted approximately two centuries, beginning with the mid-1300s and lasting until the1600s. Each era has defining characteristics that that can be recognized through literature. The Middle Ages represents a variety of literature. Literature about kings flourished at this time. During this time, the heroic idea included an aristocratic king. Literature of this time reflects an interesting aspect, which is that by dying gloriously, one might achieve immortality. (Abrams 3) Beowulf is one epic that has survived through the centuries. Another great epic that has survived is Alexander the Great. The literature of the Middle Ages touched practically every aspect of life and thought. The Middle Ages, Barzun asserts, was not one, but many ages. They are generally divided into two different periods of literary historythe Old English and the Middle English. It is this variety that proved to inspire the Renaissance. (Lucas 156) An interesting aspect of the Middle Ages is the focus on courtly love. Courtly love is a "state of being like no other- -out of bounds in relation to society and yet in many ways conventional" (Barzun 233). This type of writing is called courtly because it revolves The Middle Ages also contributed a great variety of poetry. Abrams suggests that Christian ideals influenced how things were recorded and this might also explain why some secular literature did not survive. Abrams refers to Beowulf as the ...

The Global Impacts of the Black Death

The Global Impacts of the Black Death The Black Death was one of the worst pandemics in human history. In the 14th century, at least 75 million people on three continents perished due to the painful, highly contagious disease. Originating from fleas on rodents in China, the â€Å"Great Pestilence† spread westward and spared few regions. In Europe’s cities, hundreds died daily and their bodies were usually thrown into mass graves. The plague devastated towns, rural communities, families, and religious institutions. Following centuries of a rise in population, the world’s population experienced a catastrophic reduction and would not be replenished for more than one hundred years. Origins and Path of the Black Death Silk Road Science of the Black Death Types and Symptoms of the Plague Death Toll Estimates of the Black Death Unexpected Economic Benefit of the Black Death Cultural and Social Beliefs and Changes of the Black Death Jews Protestantism Scourge Spread Across the World The Black Death of the 14th century was a tremendous interrupter of worldwide population growth. The bubonic plague still exists, although it can now be treated with antibiotics. Fleas and their unknowing human carriers traveled across a hemisphere and infected one person after another. Survivors of this swift menace seized the opportunities that arose from altered social and economic structures. Although humanity will never know the exact death toll, researchers will continue to study the epidemiology and history of the plague to ensure that this horror never happens again.

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 27

Philosophy - Essay Example However, scientists throughout the history have argued about the existence of free will. They describe the hidden and uncontrollable factors responsible for human actions. Therefore, genuine freewill has no veracity, as one’s actions are pre-determined by the controlling factors. Scientists believe that behavioral patterns depict the existence of controlling factors which are unconsciously and consciously present in the society. This scientific notion indicates that most actions of a human are subconsciously rooted or extracted from the previously observed patterns of behavior. Thus, this makes humans unaware of the cause of their actions. In addition to it, scientists object to the invisible forces of motivation. They determine them as visible sources which humans can see to an extent that they recognize their source of inspiration for any action, which consequently determines their predictable course of action. The idea of invisible forces inspiring humans for voluntary actions serves only to justify oneself incase of resorting to it (Caruso, 2012). Determinism has established a theory that human actions are a result of old patterns of behavior and are based on former experience of events. Thus, it excludes the freewill concept and is based on metaphysical theory that any uncaused incident is impossible. Free will describes one’s course of action as a choice or decision and determinism describes the happening of an event as an expected outcome based on former experience and hence choice is not in the control of the agents due to the law of nature. Therefore, the above theory negates the responsibility of one’s action onto him. If the theory is true then every action of a human being is necessitated by events, which are fixed in pattern even before the existence of the agent. If this theory is accepted wholly then all the actions come under the category of determinism, which leaves one with the absence of

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Globalization - Essay Example There is virtually no area of business that is not opportunistic for globalization if the organisation is focused on finding new market opportunities, identifying opportunities for exportation, and strengthening global business relationships with foreign organisations. Consumer behaviour characteristics, related to a variety of products produced both domestically and internationally, also play a role in defining globalization. These are cultural elements that are driven by social characteristics and the economic status of a region. As the need for raw products continues to grow, new procurement avenues and education regarding manufacturing drives globalization efforts. New trade agreements support globalization as businesses spread their knowledge in the form of acquisitions, mergers and other business partnerships in order to enhance competitiveness. By most practical definitions, globalization is taking a self-sustaining industry and extending it beyond borders to improve the socia l well-being of local and foreign citizens and improving the infrastructure that drives business activities in a variety of segments. Four drivers of globalization in Belgium One aspect associated with Belgium that drives globalization efforts is the local cultural dimensions that exist as related to business practices and social identity. Belgium, under Hofstede’s model of cultural practices, maintains a culture that is risk averse, known under this model as uncertainty avoidance. Belgium business leaders demand its internal political structure that drives the hierarchy to consist of clear choices with a strong rationale, expects senior leadership to produce detailed plans before launching any effort linked to finance, and develop contingency plans in the event of potential failure (Donnison, 2008). The Uncertainty Avoidance Index consists of Belgium business cultures that have little tolerance for ambiguity and demand a very rigid structure in most business objectives. This risk-averse culture drives globalization in a way that is unique from other countries with less uncertainty avoidance. Rather than extended business into multiple foreign markets, Belgium demands its partnerships to include very detailed schematics and plans before making an investment decision. Belgium businesses would rather maintain control over its organisational principles and financial decision-making, therefore it allows much more foreign direct investment directly into the country rather than seeking expansion to foreign territories. As one example, Belgium’s culture dictates a need for domestic controls, therefore when new business acquisitions or mergers are necessary in order to achieve higher profitability or improve domestic production capabilities, Belgium will seek out partners to bring their own knowledge and skills directly into the country. This has provided many opportunities for investors in a multitude of industries to enter the Belgium consumer and indu strial markets, without Belgium having to sacrifice its long-standing social and business principles. This has opened new market opportunities for foreign countries to expand their marketing and sales presence, along with industrial exports, thus improving supply chain, expanding international knowledge in management and technology, and

A Rhetorical Analysis Paper Essay Example for Free

A Rhetorical Analysis Paper Essay DR. Michael Hawes gave an informative speech on Economics, politics, pipelines and the election: as well as Canada-US relations in an increasingly complex world. He used a PowerPoint to portray his ideas and talked about topics such as roots of Canadian foreign policy, the rising impact of the U.S, free trade and North American integration, and diversification. His speech wasn’t that interesting to younger adult’s such as me because he talked a lot about politics but he was very funny keeping me entertained which is always a plus. He established a clear central thesis, although he said â€Å"this is my central thesis† and established his main points. He transitioned into each point individually and took time to explain each concept it took a long time but he didn’t shy away from all the details. Dr. Michael Hawes speech was credible because he is a professor of political science, a tireless advocate of international education, and a proud alumnus of the fullbright program. He assumed the leadership of Fulbright Canada in September of 2001 and has had the privilege of directing the program through some very exciting times. He is Chief Executive Officer of the Foundation for Educational Exchange between Canada and the United States of America, Executive Director of the Canada U.S. Fulbright Program, and Executive Director of the Killam Fellowships Program. Under his direction Fulbright Canada has witnessed dramatic growth in its programs and in the number of students and scholars that the program supports. DR. Michael Hawes appealed to the audience because he took his time to explain he concept he was talking about with full detail. He used statistics sparingly but with great effect because they were such interesting statistics. He was funny and made the audience laugh several times during his speech. He used a PowerPoint as a visual aid to we could clearly see the trends he was talking about and to see things visually which is always a plus. He appealed to me as a very funny but profession man who wasn’t just some stiff figure who made me fall to sleep. His body got pretty dull during the end though after the talk of politics and relations though. DR. Michael Hawes appealed to my emotions as well as the other audience members I believe because of his style. He didn’t stand at the podium and talk he actually came down at one point and still talked to us. He gave real and true eye contact. He showed passion and enthusiasm for the topics he was talking about and answered peoples questions at the end he didn’t understand one of the questions and you could tell but he still gave a pretty good answer to whatever he though the question was. In conclusion Dr. Michael Hawes I believe was a very good speaker one thing I didn’t like though was the PowerPoint and how he had to look at it to explain some of the concepts because it cut his connection with the audience. I left feeling good about the speech I just saw though maybe just a little bit tired though because it was long. I did learn a lot though from his presentation which was really nice, I also wanted to read up more about what he was talking and learn more about the topics he talked about after I got back to my dorm.

Ugliness and Beauty in Alice Walkers Color Purple Essay -- Color Purp

Ugliness and Beauty in Walker's The Color Purple  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   When I finished The Color Purple, I cried. I was deeply touched by the story and all of the issues that it addressed. One interrelated theme that reiterates throughout the novel is that of ugliness and beauty. Celie represents ugliness, and Shug Avery illustrates beauty. The most prominent way that the struggle between ugliness and beauty presents itself in the novel is through Albert, Celie's forced husband, and Shug's long-time lover.    The characters of Celie and Shug are compared and contrasted throughout the novel, and the reason why Albert, for the majority of the novel, treats the two of them so differently is because of the way they look. Albert not only hates, but beats Celie because she is ugly and she is not Shug. "He beat me [Celie] when you not here, I say. Who do, she [Shug] say, Albert? Mr. _____, I say. . . . What he beat you for? she ast. For being me and not you" (79). Albert loves Shug because she is beautiful. In addition, Alice Walker "views Albert's love of Shug, in spite of her color and his father's protestations, as a sign of psychic health and, more specifically, a sign of self-love" (Winchell 98). However, this "self-love" that Albert supposedly possesses is only extended to Shug, not to Celie. This is because Shug is the epitome of society's patriarchal definition of a feminine woman. She has perfect flawless skin, hair that is never out of place, a voluptuous and sensuous (non-fat) body, a nd the fashionable clothes and accessories of a model. On first meeting Shug Celie describes, "and she dress to kill. She got on a red wool dress and chestful of black beads. A shiny black hat with what look like chickinhawk feathers curve down... ...Louis Gates, Jr. and K. A. Appiah. New York: Amistad Press, Inc., 1993. Johnson, Yvonne. The Voices of African American Women. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., 1998. Smith, Pamela A. "Green Lap, Brown Embrace, Blue Body: The Ecospirituality of Alice Walker." April Cross Currents 2000 (1999): 18 p. Online. Internet. 30 Nov. 1999. Available: http://www.aril.org.smith2.htm. Walker, Alice. The Color Purple. New York: Pocket Books, 1982. Walker, Alice. "A South Without Myths." Sojourners Magazine Online (Dec. 1994 - Jan. 1995): 2 p. Online. Internet. 30 Nov. 1999. Available: http://www.sojourners.com/soj9412/ 941213.html. Waxman, Barbara Frey. "Dancing out of form, dancing into self: genre and metaphor in Marshall, Shange, and Walker." Melus 19.3 (Fall 1994): 1-16. Winchell, Donna Haisty. Alice Walker. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1992.

Gender in Arcadia and the Importance of Being Ernest

Compare and contrast how Wilde and Stoppard portray the women in ‘Arcadia’ and ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’, in light of the opinion that the sexes compliment each other in ‘Arcadia’ whereas, the women dominate the men in ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’. The female characters in both ‘Arcadia’ and ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’ have significant roles and have a certain amount of control in their relationships. However, in ‘the importance of being earnest’ the women dominate the men and exert their power without the male characters knowing it.In ‘The Importance of Being Earnest', Jack and Algernon are the main male characters. They have encounters with Gwendolen, Lady Bracknell and Cecily. These characters are rather unusual ladies for the time period, and their behaviour is not what was considered to be of a typical Victorian lady; however they still try to uphold a sophisticate d and polite manner. One particular part which shows this very well, is a scene between Cecily and Gwendolen.When the women think they are both engaged to the same man, they use their actions to show their anger and dislike towards each other, rather than words. For example, when Cecily asks Gwendolen if she would like sugar in her tea, Gwendolen replies with ‘No, thank you. Sugar is not fashionable any more’, after hearing this Cecily puts four lumps of sugar into Gwendolen’s tea. This blatant ignoring of a request was not morally right for a lady to do in this era, and Cecily uses it to insult Gwendolen.By doing this, Cecily upholds her civil conduct but still manages to display her resentment for Gwendolen. In contrast to this, in ‘Arcadia’ when Hannah and Chloe are talking about Bernard and Gus, they state how they feel and what they are thinking very clearly through words. ‘I’m just trying to fix you up, Hannah’, Chloe is say ing quite plainly that she is trying to get Hannah with Bernard, whereas if this was said in the same time period as ‘The Importance of Being Earnest' then it would have been said in a much less direct way.Another situation that shows how women overpower men in ‘The Importance of Being Earnest' is when Jack proposes to Gwendolen. Gwendolen uses her girlish charms to persuade jack to do as she says. When Jack says that he doesn’t care much for the name Ernest, Gwendolen uses flirtatious comments to make Jack agree that Ernest is a ‘divine name’, and consequently Jack decides to be christened as soon as possible under the name of Ernest.In comparison to this, Hannah and Bernard argue in ‘Arcadia’ and Bernard does not agree with everything Hannah says and voices his own opinion instead. ‘It’s not going to jump out at you like ‘Lord Byron remarked wittily at breakfast! ’ the way Bernard supports himself is quite unli ke the way the men in ‘The Importance of Being Earnest' agree with everything the women say and do not stress their own thoughts. Lady Bracknell is both a portrayal of a typical Victorian lady, but also has modern manners about her.She knows her place and thinks the way an upper class, well spoken and married woman would behave in those days. However, Lady Bracknell also presents another side to her, where she controls her husband and close males relatives. By using her authority, wealth and social class, she manipulates the men around her to think as she does and conform to her ideas of a suitable man. ‘Mr Worthing! Rise from this semi- recumbent posture. It is most indecorous.He tries to rise; Gwendolen restrains him’ the idea that a woman tells Jack to do something, and he tries to do so, but is prevented by another woman, shows just how different ‘The Importance of Being Earnest' is different to ‘Arcadia’, because the women tend to try to im press and fit in with the males desires in ‘Arcadia’ . ‘Arcadia’ shows a very different relationship between the sexes, as they praise each other’s good findings but also insult and tease incorrect ones. The relationship between Septimus and Thomasina,

A Day Without Media Essay

In the book â€Å"Amusing Ourselves to Death† the idea that immersion in what we love will lead to our end is presented and analyzed. After reading this book I took it upon myself, as part of a class assignment, to go 24 hours without media. Initially I believed that this would be an easy task but found that as a whole we are surrounded by media in every instance of our lives. From car rides, to simply walking around my house I had to be observant to avoid media that would reset my 24 hour time frame. In Postman’s book, â€Å"Amusing Ourselves to Death†, he reflects on how the television brings families to the same room but creates separation between them. In my time without media I spent two meals with my family (a lunch and dinner). At both of these gatherings my family talked much more than we usually did. While watching television we would â€Å"shush† each other to hear the show, but without it we discussed school, politics, and controversies such as legalizing weed. Looking back at this I see Postman’s point. We become so focused on the story folding out in front of us that we block out each other in the process. I also noticed the same effect when I was driving with my grandfather that night. He needed to deliver a present to family and I needed driving hours, so I drove the hour and a half drive. I wasn’t allowed to touch the radio because of my media break so we talked for that time. I found out that my close grandfather, whom I see five times a week, has severe ankle problem and was going to get treatment later that week. I like to think I’m close to my family, but this occurring without me even knowing about it struck a chord in me. How much do we really know about our loved ones? What simply hasn’t come up because we spend our time learning about the new celebrity fads or who wore what where? As I’m sitting here listening to the radio while writing this I have to reflect on Postman’s thoughts of how intertwined our world is with media. As he put it, President Taft wouldn’t have been voted into office in today’s world because less people would vote for someone that overweight. By this Postman means to point out how media has touch our lives. Not being able to use my cell phone to call people or watch the news on television, shrunk my  world to what I could see, hear, and touch around me. I spent most of my time in my room reading books to pass the time, and when I did leave my room I only saw my family room, kitchen, and a little outside. We rely on television, radio, and other media to bring us information. But, what is never a given is that the information sources we depend on aren’t biased. When opinions disguised as â€Å"facts† are viewed without any analysis and taken at face value, we are only creating sue do opinions that aren’t even ours. This influence in our lives not only emphasizes rifts in ideals, but also can give groups the power to falsify information and mislead others. Maybe we are not simply â€Å"Amusing Ourselves to Death† but Amusing Ourselves to the Death of Ourselves. When I was in middle school up till eighth grade I had a friend who used to watch BBC all the time as a child. I remember asking him about his speech patterns, and him telling me that he even used to have a British accent! I can also relate to these thoughts. When I was smaller I used to speak using syntax that wasn’t very normal. This was because I used to be very sheltered and not get out much. Sesame Street was one of my favorites as a child. Communication skills have to be developed like anything else, with practice. When I wasn’t exposed to people talking casually, I developed a way of speaking that didn’t fit with the people around me. This is a prime example of Postman’s point. We as a new generation can’t communicate like we should be able to. Technology has stripped us of that. When most kids get don’t know what to say next in a situation, the check their phones. This is a good example of our reliance on media and technology and show s our subconscious dependence on these devices. When you turn to your television tonight who or what do you see? What do you learn? What human interaction do you participate in? Postman mentions in his book how through television we learn to interact with people. But, these people we learn how to interact with don’t act like real humans do. They are actors, their body movements and word phrasing has been planned out and set step by step for them. This means that those actors we learn to interact with, and habits we gain don’t help us to talk to people face to face. While  breaking from media I thought about this at a point. In summary I believe the time I spent without media allowed me to see through Postman’s lens. The thought that the media we love so dearly is slowly destroying us may seem preposterous at first, but when further analyzed has ground to stand on. We gain social skills, news, opinions, bias, and a central meeting place for a family from media. Are these good or bad? Does this media influence our life to the point that it is the main factor we all cling to? We have to guard ourselves against the negative effects of this technology so we are not used. That doesn’t mean we cut ourselves off from it completely. If we do that than we are shrinking our world view to that which we can see ourselves. Like everything else in life we must take new media in proportion, with a clear mind. If so we may be able to avoid â€Å"Amusing Ourselves to Death†.

Shortening or Apocopation of Spanish Words

Shortening or Apocopation of Spanish Words In Spanish, there are just over a dozen  words that are shortened in certain sentence formations through what is known in linguistics as  apocope or apocopation. Apocopation is the  loss  of one or more sounds from the end of a word. The Rule With Singular Masculine Nouns The most common of these by far is uno, the number one, which is usually translated as a or an. It is shortened to un when it comes before a singular masculine noun: un muchacho,  a boy, but, it does retain the final vowel sound when in the feminine form,  una muchacha,  a girl. Here are other adjectives that are shortened when they precede a singular masculine noun. All but the last one, postrero, are very common. Word/Meaning Example Translation alguno "some" algà ºn lugar some place bueno "good" el buen samaritano the good Samaritan malo "bad" este mal hombre this bad man ninguno "no," "not one" ningà ºn perro no dog uno "one" un muchacho a boy primero "first" primer encuentro first encounter tercero "third" Tercer Mundo Third World postrero "last" mi postrer adià ³s my last goodbye For all the adjectives listed above, the usual form is retained when the words are followed by a feminine or plural noun. Examples include  algunos libros, which means  some books, and  tercera mujer, which means third woman. Five Other Common Words That Get Shortened There are five other common words that undergo apocopation: grande, meaning great; cualquiera,  meaning whatever; ciento, meaning one hundred santo, meaning Saint; and tanto, meaning so much. Grande The singular grande is shortened to gran before a noun in both the masculine and feminine. In that position, it usually means great. For an example look at  un gran momento, which means,  a great moment and  la gran explosià ³n, which means,  the great explosion. There is a case when  grande is not apocopated, and that is when it follows  ms. Examples include  el ms grande escape, meaning  the greatest escape, or  el ms grande americano, the greatest American. Cualquiera When used as an adjective, cualquiera, meaning  any in the sense of whatever, drops the -a before a noun whether masculine or feminine. Take at look at the following examples,  cualquier navegador, meaning  any browser, or  cualquier nivel, meaning  whatever level. Ciento The word for one hundred is shortened before a noun or when used as part of a number that it multiplies, for example,  cien dà ³lares, which means, 100 dollars, and  cien millones, which means,  100 million. The exception is that ciento  is not shortened within a number, for example, the number 112, would be spelled out and pronounced as  ciento doce. Santo The title for a saint is shortened before the names of most males, such as San Diego or San Francisco. To avoid awkward pronunciations, the long form Santo is retained if the following name begins with Do- or To-, such as in Santo Domingo or Santo Toms. Tanto The adjective tanto, meaning, so much, gets shortened to tan when it is used as an adverb. When it becomes an adverb, its translation becomes so. For example, Tengo tanto dinero que no sà © quà © hacer con à ©l, which translates to, I have so much money I dont know what to do with it. An example of tanto being shortened and used as an adverb can be found in the following sentences, Rita es tan alta como Marà ­a, meaning Rita is as tall as Marà ­a, or Rita habla tan rpido como Marà ­a, meaning, Rita talks as fast as Marà ­a. Contrasting Apocopation in English and Spanish Although apocopes exist in Spanish and English, the terms is applied differently in the two languages. Apocopation in English is also called ends of apocopes include auto clipped from automobile and gym shortened from gymnasium. The same thing is sometimes done in Spanish- for example, one word for a bicycle, bici, is a shortened form of bicicleta. But such clipping isnt as common in Spanish and isnt typically given any particular grammatical name. Evidence of apocopation be seen in old spellings of words such as olde for olde, which used to be pronounced with a final vowel sounds. In modern spoken English, apocopation can be seen in words that end ing -ing, where the final sound is often shorted to -in without affecting the spelling. Key Takeaways Through a process known as apocopation, Spanish has 13 words (12 of them common) that are shortened before certain other words. The shortened word is known as an apocope.The most common apocopation is that of uno (one, a, or an), which it comes before a singular masculine noun.The term apocopation is used differently in English and Spanish grammar.

Four Powerful Ways to Bring Your Writing Goals Closer

Four Powerful Ways to Bring Your Writing Goals Closer Four Powerful Ways to Bring Your Writing Goals Closer Four Powerful Ways to Bring Your Writing Goals Closer By Ali Hale Do you wish you could get further with your writing? Perhaps you want to: Finally finish that novel that you started ten years ago Improve your spelling and grammar Make money from your writing Have a popular blog with lots of readers Publish a non-fiction book to support your business or something else entirely. Whatever your writing goal is, follow these four steps and you’ll find yourself making much faster progress. #1: Write More Frequently You don’t have to write every day, but you do need to write regularly. Be honest: how often do you write? If it’s less than twice a week, you’ll probably find yourself struggling to make any meaningful progress. The great thing about writing frequently is that small steps really do add up. For instance: If you write 500 words three times a week, you’ll have 78,000 words after a year. That’s a whole novel. If you write two blog posts every week, you’ll have 104 blog posts after a year. If you write just 200 words every single day (about two paragraphs), you’ll have 73,000 words after a year. That’s enough for three non-fiction ebooks. Do it: Decide on a time and place for your writing. Aim for at least two sessions per week, and a total of 1,500 words every week. #2: Edit After You Write There are two traps that writers fall into with editing, and both cause problems: Editing while writing Not editing at all If you edit while you write, you’ll struggle to get anywhere. You’ll write a paragraph or two and immediately delete them because you think they aren’t good enough. It’s much more efficient to simply write until you’ve finished the article, chapter or scene that you’re working on. You can edit later. If you don’t edit at all, your work won’t be as good as it could be. Nobody can write a perfect first draft. Your writing might need just a quick polish, or it might need a radical overhaul: either way, editing is essential – after you’ve written. Do it: Next time you write, don’t stop to edit. Keep moving forwards. When you do finish, print your work out and read it through on paper: this makes it easier to spot mistakes and things that you want to change. #3: Learn New Techniques Whatever type of writing you do, there’ll always be something new to learn. Great writers aren’t born that way: they become great through conscious practice and through deliberately developing their craft. There are all sorts of things you can learn, either from books or from taking a writing course. For instance: Freelancers: How to write great sales copy for clients Novelists: How to write dialogue Bloggers: How to write guest posts to bring in more readers Poets: How to use different formal structures Do it: Pick ONE new writing skill that you want to gain, in order to take your writing further. Look for a book or course that could help you. You’ll need to set aside time to learn and time to put what you learn into practice. #4: Get Help and Support Writing can feel like a very lonely activity at times – but it doesn’t have to be that way. Help and support from other writers will make a huge difference to your chances of success: it’s much easier to write regularly when you’re part of a supportive community. Your local area may well have a writers’ group that meets regularly: try looking for adverts in your library or in bookstores, or search on Meetup.com. If there isn’t a group nearby, how about starting one yourself? If it’s not easy for you to meet up face-to-face with other writers, you can find hundreds of different writing communities online. As well as giving you the opportunity to ask advice and share tips with other members, these also often allow you to share your writing and get feedback. Do it: Look for a writers’ group locally or online, and consider joining. If you’re not sure about joining a formal group, try searching for other writers on Twitter. Ali Luke is a writer and writing coach, and has just launched a new community and teaching site, WritersHuddle.com. The doors are open until 31st January. Inside, you’ll find mini-courses to help you learn new skills, forums where you can interact with other members, and lots of other goodies too. Make sure to check it out. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeCapitalization Rules for the Names of GamesA "Diploma" is not a "Degree"

What is the relationship between text messaging and literacy Research Paper

What is the relationship between text messaging and literacy - Research Paper Example t the exposure to text messaging and their counterparts who do not have access to SMS might be contributing, positively, to the literacy skills development among 9 to 10-year-old-children (Wood 35). Furthermore, past studies analyzed by Verheijen report a positive correlation between the use of SMS and literacy levels among users (Verheijen 588). Belying the findings of these studies, however, is the viewpoint among older generation researchers and academicians that text messaging has negative correlations to improving learning skills among users. They argue that text messaging has contributed detrimental implications on learners as opposed to its emphasized importance by recent researchers. They present counterarguments justifying their disapproval of the importance of text messaging on learning. They cite the negative implications of technology on learners as justification to their opposing viewpoints to the debate while attributing the effect of text messaging. Text messaging affe cts literacy positively by encouraging open discussions and communication. Although older generation researchers and academicians argue that technological developments in communication have detrimental implications on the youth and future generations, it is justifiable that text messaging has a positive influence on literacy levels by encouraging communication and open discussion. Worldwide text messaging is a popular activity and the number of text messages sent continues to enlarge. In Wood’s analysis of the situation, he says, â€Å"texting supports spelling development amongst children because they get to understand abbreviations and the words they represent†. The use of the texting abbreviations leads to phonological awareness and processing and this result to spelling. On the other hand, not all the children who are good in spelling are capable of using creative ‘textisms’. Thus, rehearsal of such creative text slangs and the words they represent is a beneficial skill. If

Relationship between Infant-Directed Speech and Word Segmentation Research Paper - 1

Relationship between Infant-Directed Speech and Word Segmentation - Research Paper Example The writer will  analyze different aspects of both concepts, and provide appropriate conclusions on their relationship. Also known as caretaker speech, and informally as â€Å"mommy talk,† IDS is a central aspect of child development. Contrary to popular opinion, its influence is not restricted to language development alone. IDS also considerably improves the cognitive abilities of infants by encouraging them to use their senses and practice functions like grasping and holding (Aitchison, 1996:26). In the language development aspect, word segmentation is the dimension that attracts the most interest from researchers regarding IDS. Infants’ ability to segment words develops variable and is influenced by a number of factors. However, IDS has so far been linked with many features of word dimension, such as recognition of repetitive words and comprehension of new words and phrases. When parents and minders talk to infants, they indoctrinate them in their dialect. They int roduce them to novel phrases and terms that they will, inevitably, learn as they grow. However, research seems to show that depending on how early they are exposed to IDS, children can exhibit extremely contrasting proficiencies in language development and speech (Fabbro, 1999:46). Parents who involve their children in IDS as much as possible have reported better language and speech development, as well as refined cognitive abilities. According to Harley (2013:48), the impact of IDS on word segmentation can be better explained when we consider that it is relatively easy to manipulate the cognitive abilities of infants and children. Infants, specifically, adapt to new environments and habits depending on the extent and frequency with which they are exposed to them. For example, we can consider the dialects used by different parents when communicating with their children to show how IDS affects word segmentation.

Service quality assessing and profiling of KPMG's organisation Essay

Service quality assessing and profiling of KPMG's organisation - Essay Example Specifically the two models are Lovelock and Wirtz’s Flower of Services Model, and the Molecular Model developed by Shostack. KPMG’s attributes as service company KPMG is a service company. It possesses the characteristics as detailed by Ronen and Pass (2010, p. 845) which are herein applied and discussed. (1) Its products are not physical in nature. KPMG specializes in audit, tax and advisory services as its principal products. It also provides â€Å"industry insight† – that is, the Company guides its clients in addressing the market challenges of their businesses. The services may be physically represented by the audit reports and advisories, but the content and substance, which comprise the service itself, are not physically tangible. (2) There is a large variance among KPMG and its competitors, in terms of customers, service types, service providers and service procedures. Often, audit and advisory providers specialize in a particular industry or busin ess. Furthermore accounting standards allow the accountant some discretion in their choice of accounting procedures, such as depreciation methods (Needles, Powers, & Crosson, 2010). Coupled with these small differences are the larger differences between businesses even in the same industry, which would justify the tailoring of services to that specific customer. (3) Compliance and control are not trivial. The services which KPMG extends to its clientele are of a highly specialized nature. The audit and tax procedures are strictly regulated by law and by the principles laid down by the accounting industry. Persons who serve in these capacities must be accountants duly... The firm that is analyzed in the paper is KPMG, a service company. It possesses the characteristics as detailed by Ronen and Pass which are herein applied and discussed. KPMG specializes in audit, tax and advisory services as its principal products. It also provides â€Å"industry insight† – that is, the Company guides its clients in addressing the market challenges of their businesses. The services may be physically represented by the audit reports and advisories, but the content and substance, which comprise the service itself, are not physically tangible. Often, audit and advisory providers specialize in a particular industry or business. Furthermore accounting standards allow the accountant some discretion in their choice of accounting procedures, such as depreciation methods. Coupled with these small differences are the larger differences between businesses even in the same industry, which would justify the tailoring of services to that specific customer. The servi ces which KPMG extends to its clientele are of a highly specialized nature. The audit and tax procedures are strictly regulated by law and by the principles laid down by the accounting industry. Persons who serve in these capacities must be accountants duly certified by the government, who are sworn to meet the high standards of their profession, failure in which may be penalized by disbarment. Furthermore, the professionals who provide advisory services and industry insights to clients are highly skilled and possess the mandatory qualifications in the technical, market, and business fields.

Advantages and disadvantages of domestic and international franchising

Advantages and disadvantages of domestic and international franchising Introduction Buying a Franchise offers many benefits over starting a business on your own. The franchisees benefit from the training and ongoing support that they receive whilst trying to make their business successful. People starting a business on their own often have no help or guidance in the day to day running of the business! The franchisees receive guidance on location, fixtures and fittings, marketing and operation of the business model. This guidance is based on years of experience the franchiser has gained not only from running the business model but also from advising other franchisees. Buying a franchise business is at least a five year commitment and as such should not be taken lightly. It is important to make the right lifestyle choice rather than basing the decision to buy purely on profitability of the business model. A prospective franchisee should always look at the market trends to ascertain whether the need and requirements of the products of the franchise opportunity are predicted to grow or decline over the medium and long term. Getting advice from an experienced accountant can help in this respect. What makes the franchisers products better than the competition? Is the franchisor continually investing in improving the products to reflect changes in latest trends and requirements of the customers? Analysing which products have been changed and new ones introduced over the last five years will help in this regard. The territory is just as important as the franchise model. Not all franchises work in all territories as each area has their demographics and buying patterns. Decent knowledge of the local area is invaluable and the choice of which type of franchise business to buy should be made with regards to this information. Making the right choice of franchise that is based on individual skills as well as the individual requirements of each particular territory should serve to ensure that the business model works both in the short term and the long term International Franchising International franchising refers to a domestic businesss expansion into foreign countries and markets. International franchising is a complex process that requires thorough considerations of many factors, such as feasibility, adaptability, and benefits versus risks. Replication: During the process of international franchising, companies often strive to replicate successful domestic business models in foreign markets. Challenge: Differences in language, laws and financial systems, between franchising business and host foreign market can pose serious challenges during international expansion. Benefits: International franchising means new markets with new customers and selling potentials. International franchising also places companys name and presence in a global market. Adaptability: learning to adapt to the needs and demands of a new foreign market can attract local customers and buyers and lead to higher business success in a new country. Counsel: International franchising experts help companies understand a foreign market before expansion. Consultants advise businesses on a number of subjects, from financing to culture gaps. Advantages: There is a higher likelihood of success since a proven business formula is in place. The products, services, and business operations have already been established. Bankers usually look at successful franchise chains as having a lower risk of repayment default and are more likely to loan money based on that premise. The corporate image and brand awareness is already recognized. Consumers are generally more comfortable purchasing items they are familiar with and working with companies they know and trust. Franchise companies usually provide extensive training and support to their franchisees in effort to help them succeed. Many times products and services are advertised at a local and national level by the main franchise companies. This practice helps boost sales for all franchisees, but individual franchisees dont absorb the cost. Disadvantages: Franchises can be costly to implement. Also, many franchises charge ongoing royalties cutting into the profits of franchisees. Franchisors usually require franchisees to follow their operations manual to a tee in order to ensure consistency. This limits any creativity on the part of the franchisee. Franchisees must be very good at following directions in order to maintain the image and level of service already established. If the franchisee is not capable of running a quality business or does not have proper funding, this could curtail success. Sometimes franchisors may be lax on their commitment to support the franchisee. Also, they may make poor decisions that would have an ill effect on the franchisee. Therefore, it is important to research any franchise concept thoroughly before signing any agreements. Benefits on International Franchising Purchasing a franchise is one way for an entrepreneur to get started in business. Franchises offer a proven business model to follow as well as support in areas like financing and training. International franchises can provide the opportunity to take advantage of growing global markets, although the franchisee will need to overcome the hurdles associated with adapting to the ways of a new country. Cultural Adaptation Franchises provide the business owner with a full range of support services. This proves beneficial when it comes to adapting to the ways of a foreign country. The company can help you hire local management and workers who are familiar with the methods of doing business in the country, which can make the transition much smoother. Business Expansion If you already own an established franchise and are looking to expand, adding units in another country can provide a more profitable alternative to an already saturated market. This is particularly meaningful if you sell a product or service that is rather common in your home country. Cornering the Market You may even be fortunate enough to open a franchise in a country where there is little competition and there is a great need for your product or service. This will enable you to corner the market and possibly open several locations, establishing you as the leader in your business before the inevitable entrance of competitors occur. Change of Lifestyle Owning a franchise in another country can result in a new and exciting way of life. Franchisees from a cold climate may relish the opportunity to move to a warm, sunny locale to open a business. Some may also look forward to expanding their horizons by experiencing and assimilating into a new culture. Taking Advantage of Growth If current franchisees are experiencing slow business due to the home countrys stagnant economy, they can seek to open another unit in an area experiencing strong growth. Countries and areas exhibiting growth as of 2010 include China, Latin America and the Middle East. Advantages of international franchising Franchising is a unique form of business arrangement. The original company (called the franchisor) enters into a contract with a second business (called the franchisee) in which the original company offers the second business the right to operate under the original businesss name and the right to sell its product. The franchisor usually offers guidance and expertise to the franchisee. All of this is done for a fee, and though having a franchise isnt the same as starting a business from scratch, there are a number of advantages to the system. This is also true for international franchises. Reputation The major benefit of a franchise is that franchises reputation. If a franchise is well known for offering a certain type of product or service and a new branch of that franchise opens up locally, then people know roughly what to expect. For international franchises there are some additional issues of reputation to consider. For instance, the country of origin that the franchise comes from could be viewed as exotic, which will bring in additional business. Financing Franchises are viewed as a business plan thats already undergone a trial by fire and succeeded. Generally speaking, this makes them much easier to finance, as far as getting loans from banks is concerned. If a franchises reputation and success can be clearly shown, then the bank knows the franchisee has a much better chance of succeeding than he would if he were trying to start up a new and independent business. This is even truer for companies that are known internationally, which makes banks feel even more generous when it comes to assisting with business financing. Support Regardless of whether or not the franchisee sets up in the franchises hometown or on the other side of the world, an international franchise has the capability of extending support, advice and training to franchisees. The franchise offers training manuals, access to supply networks, advice and other forms of help to the franchisees. This is especially true where an international franchise is concerned, because every franchisee impacts the franchises reputation and reach. If all of the franchisees do well, then it will increase the franchises reputation, reach and even their brand recognition. Franchising primary benefit is risk minimization. Starting a new business is risky. Most studies show that over 90 percent fail within three years. The primary reason that the failure rate is so high is because the owners have to go through the learning curve of operating that specific type business. Franchising reduces that curve substantially. Another reason to buy a franchise is that a franchise investment can be thoroughly researched before any significant expenditure is made. Existing franchisees offer a wealth of information about the business so that new franchisees can try the business on before they buy to make sure its a good fit for them. Franchisers sell a defined, proven business format or method of operation, offering a product or service that has sold successfully. An independent business is based on both an untried idea and operation. The experience of the franchisers management team increases the potential for success. This experience is often conveyed through formal instruction and on-the-job training. Franchisees can often buy lower-cost goods and supplies through the franchiser, resulting from the group purchasing power of all the franchises. Established franchisers offer national or regional name recognition. While this may not be true with a new franchiser, the benefit of starting with one is the potential to grow as its business and name recognition grow. Franchising provides a uniform system of operation, so that consumers receive uniform quality, efficiently and cost-effectively. A uniform system brings with it the advantages of mass purchasing power, brand identification, and customer loyalty, capitalizing on the proven format. A franchiser also provides management assistance, including accounting procedures, personnel and facility management. An individual with experience in these areas may not be familiar with how to apply them in a new business. The franchiser helps a franchisee overcome this lack of experience. Franchisors help franchisees develop a business plan. Many elements of the plan are standard operating procedures established by the franchisor. The most difficult part of a new business is its start-up, since even experienced managers lack the knowledge to set up a new business. One of the biggest benefits to franchising is marketing. The franchiser can prepare and pay for the development of professional advertising campaigns. Regional or national marketing done by the franchiser benefits all franchisees. In addition, the franchiser can provide advice about how to develop effective marketing programs for a local area through a cooperative marketing fund, to which the franchisees contribute a percentage of their gross income. Its possible to receive assistance in financing a new franchise through the franchiser, who often makes arrangements with a lending institution to lend money to a franchisee. The franchisee must still accept responsibility for the loan, but the franchisers involvement usually increases the likelihood that a loan will be approved. A franchiser also provides training for the franchisee. This is especially important if the concept is complex. The best training combines classroom or one-on-one training at the franchisers facility with field training at the franchisees place of business. Finally, franchising has found a solid economic niche that caters to specialized needs. Many American consumers no longer want a muffler installed by a service station, a hamburger from a diner, a pizza from someone who wont deliver it within 30 minutes or their hair cut by a local barber. Specialists, it seems, do it better, and the franchise industry is only too willing help. Once you become a franchisee and part of a franchise organization, What are your roles and responsibilities? Financial The first function you have in your new endeavour is as an investor into your business. You will need to invest financially with an initial franchising fee, but also be prepared to pay any additional costs that might be necessary to get the business up and running such as equipment costs. Also, there will be ongoing royalty fees that you will need to be aware of. Time Secondly, you will need to be sure that you can invest an adequate amount of time in the business. Although the system is basically set up in franchising, you will still need to initially spend extra time learning how the system works. The franchisor usually offers training and continuous support, hence the ongoing royalty payments. Like anything else, once you know the ins and outs of the system, the time investment decreases somewhat. Leadership and Partnership One of the most important skills you need to possess as a franchisee is the ability to be pro-active and take initiative. You should be able to easily assume a leadership role. You need to be certain that you understand how the entire system works and not be afraid to ask the franchisor questions. It is especially important to communicate with the franchisor anything that you notice that doesnt seem right to you. After all, you are basically assuming a partnership role with the franchisor. Therefore, you should be able to work together, share ideas, and resolve issues together. You may notice something that the franchisor was not aware of since you are much closer to the business. The franchisor would probably appreciate your bringing concerns or discrepancies to the table, especially if you offer possible solutions. Communication With all of the responsibilities that the franchisee holds, communication and organizational skills are key skills to possess as a franchisee. As mentioned, it is important to keep in close communication with your franchisor. In addition, you will need to be able to communicate effectively with your customers, employees, vendors, and other business contacts. Furthermore, it can be quite beneficial to team up with other franchisees on a regular basis. It can help you run your business more smoothly if you share ideas and solutions to problems experienced with others in the same capacity. Organization In your role as franchisee, you should be prepared to wear many hats. In operating the business, you will most likely have to manage all the daily operations involved in operating a business, including ordering supplies, meeting with customers and vendors, preparing payroll, resolving discrepancies, etc. These are just a few of your sub-roles depending on the type of business you are running. It is essential to be able to organize all of your responsibilities so that everything gets done accurately and in a timely manner. In conclusion, as long as you understand your role as a franchisee and make every effort to carry it out thoroughly, you should be able to manage a successful franchise.